3 Essential Elements
of
Evidence-Based Practice
EVIDENCE derived through rigorous scientific research.
EXPERTISE derived from the healthcare practitioner's clinical experience.
PATIENT preferences concerning personal healthcare decisions.
Evidence-Based Practice
GENERAL DEFINITION:
A way of providing health care that is guided by a thoughtful integration of the best available scientific knowledge with clinical expertise. This approach allows the practitioner to critically assess research data, clinical guidelines, and other information resources in order to correctly identify the clinical problem, apply the most high-quality intervention, and re-evaluate the outcome for future improvement. (PubMed MeSH)
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EB Practitioners must determine the strength of the evidence they find in the literature. Systems for rating the strength of evidence vary widely.
Evidence in literature can be found anywhere, but it is best to start in Library Databases.
by James McCormack (4min 19sec)
Locating evidence in literature depends upon asking an effective research question. Use the PICO mnemonic to build that question.
P I C O
P -- patient, population, participant
I -- intervention, therapy
C -- comparison (not always required)
O -- outcome
4 Types of PICO Questions
1. Diagnosis
2. Prognosis
3. Therapy
4. Etiology
Examples
Diagnosis PICO:
In children with respiratory infection, is the respiratory rate as effective as chest x-ray in detecting pneumonia?
Prognosis PICO:
In premature infants (compared to full-term infants), what is the lifetime prevalence of hearing deficit?
Therapy PICO:
In patients with recurrent infection, do antibiotics, compared to no treatment, reduce recurrence rate?
Etiology PICO:
In post-menopausal women, does hormone replacement therapy increase the risk of breast cancer?
Search PICO from any Mobile Device
Search Medline / PubMed using PICO in the following languages:
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